HVAC FINANCING
Whether you’re urgently replacing equipment or upgrading to a more energy efficient system, it’s good to know that the solution that’s best for your home can be yours through affordable financing. You’ll enjoy the comfort of your new heating/cooling system, and appreciate the potential contribution to the resale value of your home.
We’re proud to provide our customers with easy, transparent financing and rental options for their home comfort needs.
If you’re in our service area and want to apply for HVAC financing, contact HAMCO Heating & Cooling today!
Renting vs Financing Your HVAC Equipment
Carol Lukasik
16:59 05 Jun 25
Had maintenance done one my furnace and air conditioner today. Christian was very professional, personable, and knowledgeable.
Christopher Furtado
14:26 27 May 25
Recently called Hamco to install an ecobee at my parent’s house. Christian came out and installed the new smart thermostat and had it up and running within 30 mins! Christian was very professional and was able to help me understand the basic functions of the smart thermostat.
Dawn Spencer
17:08 22 May 25
Very pleased with Hajim. He was courteous and did a great job. He was very thorough with my old furnace and explained his findings.
Sheryl Stacey
19:07 16 May 25
Steve and Ansley came to my house and did a great job explaining how my Air Conditioner actually works and showed me how to maintain it. They were so knowledgeable, kind and asked whether we had any questions. You are so fortunate to have these pleasant and knowledgeable people working for Hamco. I highly recommend Hamco for all your Furnace and Air Conditioner needs.
Osman Osman
16:43 15 May 25
They are very professional and helped me cancel an energy contract. They did an amazing job installing my equipment even help fix a circulation issue that I’ve been having for years. Got the bill credits that was promised within a week.
Debra Krar
14:48 14 May 25
Service person was very professional: prompt, polite, knowledgeable.
J Hill
22:53 11 May 25
I would recommend Hamco for their professional advice and courtesy.Ainslea and Nolan were both helpful and much appreciated
John Del Rossi
19:49 06 May 25
Today I had my furnace and AC checked ,serviced and repaired where necessary. The technician was Najim and he did an outstanding job on all services required. He is truly an asset to Hamco .
Raquel Montoya
17:14 02 May 25
The Heating and Cooling guys from Hamco have always been quick to respond to my HVAC needs. Najim, Steve and Ainslea are highly knowledgeable and experienced technicians. I was greeted with professionalism and kindness.They were on time, repaired my motor on the furnace in a matter of minutes, explained everything that they were diagnosing, and they did a thorough job. They were quick, clean, trustworthy and very helpful individuals. They walk you through any problems, recommendations and ensure your system is running optimal. Even when I experienced an issue, Shane the Supervisor was quick to resolve the issue with no hesitation. Hamco prices are very reasonable and I plan to have these guys take care of my HVAC needs in the future. Thank you for a job well done!!
Adam Wills
14:41 02 May 25
Christian came by today to address a gas leak in our furnace. He arrived in his scheduled window and called when on his way. He quickly diagnosed the issue, showing me where the leaks were. He was able to complete the work quickly and was very professional the whole way. Would definitely use HAMCO again.
Deb Cliffe
15:35 01 May 25
Hamco was able to respond to my call within a couple of hours.Najim was thorough and fixed the problem. He was also friendly and courteous. I’ve been with Hamco about 5 years and continue to be happy with my decision to use this company
barry anderson
15:44 30 Apr 25
We had our annual service yesterday. Najim, your technician arrived on time. Very knowledgeable professional and patient. Usual good service. No complaints as usual with HAMCO service.
Siggy Wong
14:35 29 Apr 25
Only good things to say about Hamco. Najim was very friendly and efficient. I have had the privilege of working with many of the Hamco crew over the last few years through my job and have had them inspect my own A/C unit.
Nelo Chuka
19:28 11 Apr 25
Christian, very pleasant young man, very professional. Job well done. Knows his job well.
Bob M
15:29 08 Apr 25
The best service experience we strongly recommend them for Heating and Cooling services. The service person was professional, efficient, arrived on time and completed our boiler service perfectly at the quoted cost. We are new customers and HAMCO will always be our first choice!
Subhas Ganguli
16:29 24 Mar 25
They did a lovely job servicing our furnace in March 2025. Ainslea was very neat and left the place spick and span. Our dog also thought she was a blast.
Alicia New
15:25 18 Mar 25
We can't say enough good things about our experience with Hamco. Andrew was so great to deal with and checked in about our satisfaction regularly. Najim and his team worked so hard and efficiently to get our gas fireplace installed and also to put a new vent in our chimney. He communicated well and checked in regularly to make sure we were happy with his work. Varonika was also very helpful in problem solving and coming up with solutions for us to make our fireplace looked way better. Her attention to detail was very impressive.We experienced a massive flood last July and have had many workers into our home. Hamco has been the most professional, efficient and kind. Our fire place looks and works great. Thank you Hamco!
Mike Johnston
16:51 17 Mar 25
Fast, efficient, and friendly ! Many thanks to Josh and Shemar for a great job this morning installing the new water heater.
Shannon Knutson
12:56 15 Mar 25
Ainslie is knowledgeable and patient and we loved having her here to service our furnace and humidifier. She answered our questions and made the process super easy and comfortable.
Joni Beintema
16:17 03 Mar 25
Thanks HAMCO for servicing my furnace for its regular maintenance check up. Ainsley the technician was professional and friendly. She did a thorough job in a timely manner.
Ron Mellish
00:01 28 Feb 25
I called Hamco to learn more about a humidifier for my furnace. Hamco installed two HVAC systems in my home over the past many years...great service and price...no need to shop around. Tech Najim installed the humidifier this afternoon. Enjoyed speaking with him as he worked. He explained what he was doing, answered my questions professionally. Neat work and cleanup. I highly recommend Hamco staff who responded to my questions and Tech Najim who installed the product. Thank you.
Sarah E
17:50 20 Feb 25
After a bad experience with another HVAC company can’t sing the praises enough of HAMCO. Will be continuing to use there services moving forward. Thanks to the HAMCO team for the advice and excellent work!
Janette Thompson
14:37 27 Jan 25
We were recently faced with our 17-year-old furnace breaking down and beyond repair. Despite the extremely cold weather that resulted in a larger number of service needs for Hamco, Najim met with us in just over 24 hours, spent time accessing and explaining the situation and offering the best options for the needed replacement. He worked to get us up and running quickly with a Saturday install and left us with a space heater to ease discomfort overnight. He was personable, knowledgeable and took time to ensure we were happy with the decision we made. It wasn't an expense we had planned for but Najim eased the situation with his excellent customer service. He was happy to answer any questions we had and worked to ensure we got the best price and service possible. Veronika and Shemar arrived early the next day to replace our furnace with a new Daikin. They were also personable, professional and efficient. We feel fortunate to have Hamco to count on with HVAC needs. They have a great team of people who also seem to greatly appreciate how they are respected and treated by the company. It's wonderful to have a local family-owned business providing excellent service. We've been with Hamco (initial installs and service plans) for 17 years and plan to continue with them as needs arise.
dolly visockis-bruyn
19:58 24 Jan 25
great staff Christian and Ainslea I give them a10++++ very informative polite and knowledgeable answered all questions and did a great repair job
Luke L
14:27 24 Jan 25
I had some fernace issues during the cold snap. Christian from Hamco showed up the same day to service. He was super informative and helpful. Would definitely use Hamco and Christian again for any HVAC needs.
bruce hoyle
20:26 22 Jan 25
I called Hamco and Christian showed up the same afternoon. Took care of everything and recommended protection plan, which I bought. I have been relying on Hamco for many years because of expert technicians like Christian who work quickly, competently and who explain what is going on.
K Hartford
20:57 09 Jan 25
HAMCO does my furnace/AC annual maintenance. Also diagnosed and replaced our furnace humidifier, which had begun leaking. Karim is knowledgeable , friendly, and professional. Great service, very pleased!
Joel Sandink
13:41 03 Jan 25
Our furnace died on us on one of the coldest nights of the year at the start of the christmas holidays. We immediately started looking around for a new furnace and settled on Hamco for a few reasons. First off the original furnace which had lasted 50 years was installed by them and with that track record they seemed like a good choice. 2nd Jim the sales person was great at understanding what we needed, helping us figure out what furnace was the best fit for our needs and even provided us with an extra heater till the new furnace was installed. 3rd The install team of Josh and Nick got the job done efficiently and explained everything to us. The furnace was working that day and was much more efficient then our old furnace.
Bonnie King
22:48 21 Dec 24
Najim was very knowledgable and he quickly diagnosed a serious problem with our furnace. He reinstalled the venting, put in a new motor and thermostat. He was very efficient, polite and our furnace is working perfectly again! I highly recommend HAMCO and technician Najim and will definitely call them for future service needs. Thanks!
N Al
22:00 12 Dec 24
Today I received maintenance service form Najim. Next time when I need service definitely I'll ask for Najim. Najim is an expert in his field, his work was excellent, he answered and explained everything thoroughly. On top of all he was very friendly with a great personality.
Ronald Castellani
21:26 12 Dec 24
The repair by Najim for Hamco was timely, and worked perfectly. Thanx.
Aurelia Shaw
21:14 22 Nov 24
We've received good service from Hamco for many years. Today a new service person named Najim arrived to do the regular maintenance on our furnace. He was thorough, friendly, answered our questions clearly and made sure we understood how everything had been updated. I have no difficulty recommending this company.
Danielle Drake
14:08 13 Nov 24
When our AC stopped working this summer, we were so thankful to receive professional and friendly service from Hamco. Mike was quickly able to identify the issue and had parts on hand to get it fixed the same day!
A Marini
01:19 08 Nov 24
Thanks to Nolan T. for doing such a great job on our annual furnace maintenance! See you soon!
Omar Atiyeh
18:59 31 Oct 24
Hamco is an amazing family run business that have all the expertise you'll need!! If you're looking to upgrade, repair or maintain your residential and/or commercial HVAC equipment, they're your top choice in Hamilton and surrounding area!
Karin Griffin
01:22 24 Oct 24
Nolan is our usual tech for anything AC/furnace! Very professional, always able to answer any questions/concerns and quick to come and help when we need him!
Taylor V
21:28 22 Oct 24
I recently had my furnace serviced and the technician, Mike K. was incredibly polite, informative and efficient. I will definitely be using Hamco again when needed in the future because of the great service and will definitely be suggesting Hamco to my friends and family needing service!
Kyle Maloney
20:27 22 Oct 24
Had Nolan come and install my new AC unit. Did a great job, showed me how everything works.
James Jennings
20:05 22 Oct 24
Mike the Hamco Boiler & HVAC technician was excellent: effective in reolving our issue, and did it very efficiently, politely, and professionally.
Evan Stott
18:18 22 Oct 24
Mike Kawa is the best technician I have ever had the pleasure of working with
E C
17:12 22 Oct 24
Just had my houses heating repaired, it was timely, extremely well managed and very thorough, the serviceman Mike Kawa even went through the trouble of explaining what went wrong with it and how to avoid it in the future. 100% will be recommending Hamco to my friends and family and even coworkers. Very impressed!
Brittany Provenzano
14:42 22 Oct 24
We had a couple issues with our air conditioning unit this summer as it's getting old. Our technician Mike was so helpful and got it working fast! My family was so happy we didn't have to go long without it. Friendly and efficient service.
Madison Rogers
14:29 22 Oct 24
I had a speedy and fantastic experience with hamco. Mike k helped with my furnace and gave me honest, unbiased advice. Highly recommend I won’t go anywhere else!
rolfe baltzer
15:42 21 Oct 24
Najim serviced my furnace professionally and was friendly. They cleaned and did a safety check at good value! I will use them again.
Knollis Johnson
18:56 19 Oct 24
The agent from HAMCO arrived with the suggested window. Najim, the technician, quickly diagnosed and resolved the issue. He also provided useful information about the state of my furnace and air-conditioner.
Peter Billings
20:03 18 Oct 24
Najim, from Hamco provided great service , was on time and able to complete the gas valve replacement on my 16 yr old furnace within 3 days of initial visit. I highly recommend Hamco for Heating and cooling services in the greater Hamilton area.
Tara Smith
18:40 16 Oct 24
We had Hamco come for a service check for our boiler, and Mike K. Our technician was great. He explained what the issues were and what needed to be done to fix them.
EBJ
00:14 16 Oct 24
Recently called Hamco for an emergency with our heating system. Our tech Mike was there in record time and had us up and running in no time. He was polite and efficient and we will definitely be calling again!
Dahyabhai Patel
00:14 10 Oct 24
Great to work with - thank you!
Alexandra Porter
17:19 04 Oct 24
We had Nolan as our technician and we were very pleased. Very kind and knowledgeable! We highly recommend him and Hamco
Melissa Jones
17:06 04 Oct 24
Nolan was our service person and he was very polite and prompt. I hope we always have him as our service person. He was such a pleasure to deal with and so knowledgeable!
kim jones
16:51 04 Oct 24
I recently needed some help and the technician who came was great. He explained everything that he was doing, even gave me some tips to be more efficient. These kinds of calls always make me anxious, worrying about how much the bill will be? Will I get a good technician who is honest and knows what he/she is doing? All went well and I want to thank Nolan T. for his professionalism and easy-going manner. Thanks Nolan and thanks Hamco!
P B
01:51 04 Oct 24
I recently had Mike from Hamco perform my annual maintenance and I’m extremely satisfied with the experience. From the moment he arrived, he was friendly, professional, and clearly very knowledgeable about heating systems. Mike took the time to explain everything he was doing and offered useful tips to help me maintain the furnace through the colder months. His thorough work gave me confidence that my furnace is in great shape for the winter. Mike is definitely a valuable member of the Hamco team, and I’ll be requesting him for future service! Thank you Hamco
Bri Chernesky
18:54 03 Oct 24
Had maintenance done on my ac and furnace and mike was very helpful and informative. Very pleased with the service and will use hamco again in the future.
joel dixon
18:33 03 Oct 24
Had our annual maintenance done, quick, affordable, and mike was a great technician for them to send, highly reccommend hamco!
Jacob Bakalar
15:58 03 Oct 24
Hamco is great !!I had mike come out for a service call and he was super helpful
carmella dorsay
15:35 03 Oct 24
We had Mike Kawa from Hamco service our furnace and air conditioner. We were more than pleased. Well spoken, polite, courteous young man. He was very informative and knowledgeable! We will definitely be recommending and using your company again!!Marco and Carm Tesolin
Daniel
15:08 03 Oct 24
We had Hamco come in and service my father's furnace. The technician that showed up, Mike, was extremely professional, knowledgable and talked through the issue with myself and my father. He showed up on time and aware of the work needed to be completed. The price was very reasonable compared to quotes we had received from other places. I have already recommended Hamco to all my friends and family.
Ritchie Taylor
15:02 03 Oct 24
Mike serviced my system some time ago and gave fantastic service. Will be requesting him every time!
Justine Jones
19:29 01 Oct 24
Great service. Nolan is a wonderful technician. Highly recommend
DK
19:35 30 Sep 24
I had service man came to service my furnace today. I was late meeting him but he waited for me. He was very courteous in dealing with. I am very pleased with the services. Thank you very much Najim for getting my furnace ready for winter.George
Wa Cas
17:51 28 Sep 24
Our service specialist Najim was a pleasure to deal with. He went above and beyond the required service needed. Respectful, extremely knowledgeable and hard working, this specialist had it all. I will solely be dealing with him in the future. Thank you Najim.
Bri Mil
15:25 25 Sep 24
We had a service call to check on a furnace problem. The Service Technician, Steve, was a real pleasure to meet and deal with. He was extremely professional and knowledgeable. He quickly found the problem and offered suggestions as to resolving it.
Shannon Sinclair
15:03 18 Sep 24
Christian from Hamco came by to do an annual maintenance on my furnace. It is a brand new furnace that I bought from them last year, but doing the yearly maintenance increases my labour warranty. Christian was efficient, very kind and punctual. I will be a longtime Ho customer
Joan French
18:37 13 Sep 24
After replacing our furnace and installing a central air unit with Hamco we've had nothing but excellent, attentive service that is reasonably priced and achieved both on time and with great courtesy. Christian just performed the yearly maintenance on both units, and thanks to him we're all set for winter! There was an issue with a part he quickly and efficiently replaced, and I'm certainly happy to know it now instead of during the first cold snap.
Mary Smith
17:58 13 Sep 24
Just had my furnace serviced for its yearly checkup. Christian the service technician was polite, he explained in detail the bill to me and what was done. Excellent service.
Charlene Kump
15:01 13 Aug 24
We had no hot water. I called after office hours and left a message. They returned my call before 9 am. And a very nice gentleman named Najim had it working by 11 am.Will definitely call again!
Larry Adoranti
19:20 30 Jul 24
Air conditioner service required due to non-cooling. Called Hamco first thing in the morning and fixed early afternoon. Exceptional courteous service beginning at reception who booked the service and by Najim, the onsite technician. Najim was amazing, very professional and knowledgeable and he looked after a few extra items while he was here - cleaning, taping gaps in duct work, etc. Thank-you Najim!
connie marshall
19:06 24 Jul 24
Excellent service! Called them for a 2nd opinion, and boy did they deliver. They followed up with manufacturers of our heat exchange and found out it was under warranty. Going the extra step, saving us over $2400 based on quote from the other guys to replace. We know who we will be buying our new system from when needed. Thanks Najim for going the extra mile!
U K
20:10 09 Jul 24
I should have called HAMCO right from the beginning! Me and my family suffered with no AC for a week during the hottest days yet this summer! Corey from HAMCO came bright and early this morning and solved the problem. Very professional, knowledgeable and respectful, he got the job done in no time. Thank you Corey and HAMCO!!!!
Peggy French
15:21 09 Jul 24
Fearing an exorbitant bill, I reached out to HAMCO for a Saturday service call during another heat wave. Christian from HAMCO promptly returned my email and explained the charges, both 'real' and potential. He arrived when he said he would (rarer than it should be!) and immediately set to work. He efficiently and effectively diagnosed the issues and had a well-stocked truck that allowed him to fix both issues and restore my air conditioning. Thank you, Christian! The price was very reasonable and below what I expected to pay under the circumstances. I will continue to recommend HAMCO! Strangely, my two neighbours to the north have both had their air conditioning fail over the last 10 days and neither received timely nor exemplary service from their providers, who were NOT HAMCO.
Marchese Pharmacy
23:45 04 Jul 24
We have used Hamco for our pharmacy business for many years. They are the reason our customers and staff are always kept comfortable in the store. This year, they even helped solve a tricky problem with our compounding cleanroom airflow and pressure balance. Just awesome guys. Wish I could give more than 5 stars.
Faisal Khawaja
23:33 04 Jul 24
My AC went out last week, in the hottest days of the year. The Hamco tech showed up on schedule, fixed my AC quickly and professionally. And the price was right. This is why small, family-owned businesses are the best! They have a customer for life.
Michael S
21:47 27 Jun 24
Christian came to my place today and he was very friendly, professional, and helpful. He listened carefully to my concerns. He was patient and not condescending while he explained how the AC worked. He was able to find an important adjustment that was necessary and now it's blowing twice as cold!
Gillian Guthrie
14:18 15 Jun 24
There I was… with an rv hot water tank that needed to be replaced and some propane lines that were beyond sketchy. I didn’t know how to resolve these issues and who would take on such a project. I reached out to Hamco and although rv trailers are not something they usually tackle, they cared enough to listen. They understood I needed help and they took this job on. Right away, Nolan was out to do an on-site inspection to get a better understanding of what was involved and what needed to be done. He was so professional, personable and knowledgeable. He got right to the task at hand and understood quickly what needed to be addressed. A date was easily booked through the helpful and courteous office team. On June 12, 2024 Nolan returned and again, wasted no time diving in and getting the old hot water tank out and installing the new. Repairing the propane lines and testing and checking all the new system. I can’t thank Nolan, Jordan, Veronika and the rest of the team at Hamco enough for caring, going the extra mile and helping me out of a real jam. It’s not always easy for a service company to achieve the highest level of service that it’s customers expect… but Hamco sure did reach it here.
Ruth Wells
20:56 28 May 24
I have used Hamco service for 25+ years and have a Hamco installed furnace & air. I use their service for both spring & fall maintenance. They have been very helpful to the point of helping to keep my very old heating system as long as possible. Recently I had the spring maintenance service & there were a couple of problems after it was completed. I spoke to Tara who was very helpful & patient with my explanation of what was happening. A couple of days later Mike came to investigate the problems & quickly solved the problems & explained what was happening. They were both very helpful and considerate.
Gail Bauer
19:06 26 May 24
A great company to deal with!!! Tara helped direct me to the right person for ordering a hot water heater which was installed by Adam and Veronika. I have been a long time, happy customer.
charles shields
03:22 23 May 24
It feels like Summer is already here and so thankful that we purchased our new York A/C from Hamco a few months ago. It’s running great and keeping our house nice and comfortable. We have been a customer for many years and can’t be more pleased with Sales (Andrew) Service (Shane) and Customer Service (Tara). All so friendly and knowledgeable.Quick story: Two winters ago my wife and I were visiting my daughter and her family in Switzerland. We were there for 2 months and while away we had a good friend checking the house on a regular basis. A month into the visit I received a text that there was an issue with the furnace. The condensate drain line was leaking and had to be fixed/replaced asap. A 6-hour time change made phoning a challenge however, after talking with Tara and Shane we were relieved and the repair was made the next day. Where do you get Service like that!Thanks again to the HAMCO Family!Regards,Charles D. Shields
Eu Kh
20:34 13 May 24
We were really impressed by professional work and customer oriented attitude. Veronica and Corey were great. They went out of a way to make it fit in our complicated setup.Thank you guys!Addendum:Thanks to the professionalism and understanding of Margaret, We were able to setup a service call for the annual maintenance in a short time, so our furnace is ready for the next season.Thanks again!
Greg Gabel
16:18 06 May 24
HAMCO is an experienced HVAC shop with great people. We have used them for a number of commercial service jobs. Could not recommend more.
David Ward
01:22 04 May 24
I have used Hamco for many years now and have always been pleased with the services that they provide, from both the helpful administrative personal and their knowledgeable technicians. Hamco is my first choice and the company that I highly recommend to others.David Ward
Adam Adam
17:07 01 May 24
We have been using Hamco for years. And only use them for all our HVAC/Boiler repairs. Nolan is a great tech and Cherryl is great to deal with in the office.
Ron Vandermeulen
19:38 29 Apr 24
New furnace installed by Hamco this morning. Veronka and Adam did a fantastic job. Very considerate and very professional! Great experience all around. Great people, great company. Ron VanderMeulen.
Lina DB
18:20 29 Apr 24
I highly recommend HAMCO. The customer service person DENISE is the best. She is always willing to help and sort things out for you. Thank you DENISE 🙂
Victor Renzella
16:25 29 Apr 24
I have been dealing with Denise for years and I find her very professional and helpful. I will continue to use Hamco because of Denise and the great service we receive.Victor Renzella
Catarina Santos
14:36 29 Apr 24
Thank you so much Cherryl Skinner, for your help and guidance.You are amazing 👏
Steven Tran
13:25 27 Apr 24
Great team and extremely knowledgeable. Guided us on our heat pump purchase. Cherryl in the back office was amazing to work with
Graeme Moss
22:58 25 Apr 24
Had a new AC put in.Murray & Adam were the technicians. Friendly, fast, helpful. Impressed.They finished ahead of time.Impressed and thank you!Hamco, both product and services are reliable.
Jeff Vaughan
22:48 25 Apr 24
Excellent service from Nolan! He got us out of a jam and made the experience enjoyable. Called at 7 am and he showed up around 10 am. Can't ask for faster service.
Martello Restaurant
15:17 24 Apr 24
Always excellent service from Hamco! They are prompt, professional and enjoyable to work with. Cherryl has always been a lovely person to interact with and very helpful with booking service and handling billing!
Bernie's Tavern
21:14 23 Apr 24
Always a top notch experience when dealing with Cherryl! Very pleasant and knowledgable
Nairne Holtz
13:32 20 Apr 24
Small landlady here. I've used Hamco many times over the years and they get there on time and they get the job done. A shout out to Cheryl in Accounting who always answers my questions and sends out the invoices promptly.
Latest News
Worried About Your AC? Spot These 10 Summer Issues Early
As summer approaches, many homeowners start to rely heavily on their air conditioning systems to stay comfortable. The last thing anyone wants is for their AC to break down during a heatwave. That’s why it’s important to recognize potential AC issues early before they...
Smart Thermostat Tips to Save Money
With warmer weather on the way, now is the perfect time to adjust your smart thermostat settings to save money. A few small changes can lower your heating and cooling bills year-round. Here is how to make the most of your smart thermostat. Let Your Thermostat Know...
How to Fix Uneven Cooling in Your Home
Experiencing rooms that are cool and comfortable while others remain warm and stuffy is a common concern for homeowners. Uneven cooling can indicate underlying issues with your HVAC system, insulation, or airflow distribution. Fortunately, most of these issues can be...